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Asanko Gold Mine

Production

Located in Ghana, West Africa, the Asanko Gold Mine is a joint venture with Gold Fields Ltd (JSE, NYSE: GFI). Galiano and Gold Fields both have a 45% economic interest in the mine, with the Government of Ghana holding the remaining 10%. Galiano is the manager and operator.

The Asanko Gold Mine is a multi-deposit complex, with two main deposits, Nkran and Esaase, and multiple satellite deposits, situated on the Asankrangwa Gold Belt, and a 5Mtpa carbon-in-leach (CIL) processing plant. Gold production commenced in January 2016 and commercial production was declared on April 1, 2016.

In 2019, the mine exceeded the upper-end of guidance with record gold production of 251,044 gold ounces. In 2020 the mine is targeting approximately 245,000 ounces of gold production at all-in sustaining costs of approximately $1,150/oz (100% basis).

Approximately 2,600 people are employed at the mine. 99% of the total workforce are Ghanaians, of which around 53% are from our local communities.

The Asanko Gold Mine has a downstream tailing storage facility, further details are available here: Asanko TSF Disclosure

Geology

The Nkran deposit is located within the Kumasi Basin on the "Asankrangwa gold belt". The basin is bound to the south by the Ashanti Fault/Shear and the Bibiani shear to the north. The Asankrangwa gold belt expresses itself as a complex of northeast trending shear zones situated along the central axis of the Kumasi Basin. The Nkran deposit is located on a jog along the regional Nkran Shear, which is a zone of about 15 km in width and may be traced on a northeast to southwest trend for a distance of some 150 km. This is one of several major northeast trending shears/structures that bisect the Kumasi Basin/Asankrangwa Gold Belt.

map

Exploration

Ghana is currently the largest gold producer on the African continent and as such plays host to a number of globally important gold belts and their associated deposits. The Asankrangwa gold belt is located within the Kumasi basin which is dominated by Palaeoproterozoic metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks. The belt itself is approximately 200km long and 20km wide and contains numerous significant gold deposits and occurrences. The Asanko Gold Mine holds the largest land package within the belt, with approximately 21,000 hectares of tenure (see figure 2) on this highly prospective and under-explored portion of central Ghana.

Gold-belts

Regional Geology 2021 Exploration Program Asumura Project, Sefwi-Bibiani Belt

Regional Geology

The geology of the Asankrangwa Belt comprises strongly deformed Birimian meta-sediments, with minor granitic intrusions and mafic igneous rocks. The lithological units are cut by steeply north-west dipping primary and secondary structures. It is this combination of structural architecture and permissive lithologies that have been important in the localization of gold mineralization, and provides the capacity for enhanced fluid flow forming major alteration systems associated with the gold bearing systems. The gold mineralization is linked to at least two separate deformation events and fluid emplacement, with many similarities to the gold deposits on the adjacent Sefwi and Ashanti Greenstone Belts.

Much of the Asankrangwa belt geological understanding and prospectivity mapping comes from a combination of airborne geophysical surveys such as VTEM and magnetics, and the wealth of accumulated geochemical and geological data. These datasets have allowed the company to develop our current pipeline of exploration targets.

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2021 Exploration Program

The company’s 2021 exploration program is focused on evolving our project pipeline. Priority is given to (i) Upgrading and expanding our existing resources, (ii) Advancing strategic projects to MRE (Mineral Resource Estimate) stage, (iii) Testing early stage targets associated with existing resources, and (iv) Developing geochemical anomalies and concepts into discernible ‘Advance to Drill’ targets for testing.

Following a successful drill season in 2020 and into Q1 2021, Miradani North continues to be a priority, with work now focusing on completion of infill drilling to support a maiden MRE for the deposit by mid-2021.

STRATEGY
UPGRADE AND ADVANCE
Drilling at the Abore deposit in 2020 yielded encouraging results beneath the existing resource. A program of step out drilling is planned for 2021 to build on this new data and will be used to revise the Abore MRE. As mentioned, work at Miradani North is focused on supporting a maiden MRE by mid-2021. These targets are all within a strategic haul distance of the Obotan plant and have the potential to add to the Asanko operations LOM plan.

EARLY STAGE TARGETS
In order to enhance the Company’s medium term business plan, exploration will focus on several projects that have the potential to add to existing Mineral Resources for nearby deposits in 2021 – 2022. These targets include Miradani Central and Abore West, both of which are well located adjacent to or along strike from existing resources yet have received little or no exploration attention to date. These will require additional work such as ground or drone based geophysics prior to drilling in order to better refine targets.

ADVANCE TO DRILL
The company’s land position hosts a wealth of targets that require additional work before consideration for advancement to drill targeting can commence. This work will include soil sampling, ground and drone based geophysics, trenching and mapping.

Figure 1


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Asumura Project, Sefwi-Bibiani Belt

The Asumura Project is located on the western boundary of the Sefwi-Bibiani Belt, which is one of three major gold producing belts in southwest Ghana (see figure 1). The project is located 65 km southwest and along strike from Newmont’s Ahafo deposits. The Asumura project contains numerous criteria in common with the Ahafo deposit group. Initial work will include soil sampling and mapping in preparation for more focused drill targeting.

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Mineral Resource Estimate as at 31 December 2019

Mineral Resource Estimate as at 31 December 2019

Deposit Measured Indicated Measured & Indicated Total Inferred
Tonnes
(Mt)		 Au Grade
(g/t)		 Au Content
(koz)		 Tonnes
(Mt)		 Au Grade
(g/t)		 Au Content
(koz)		 Tonnes
(Mt)		 Au Grade
(g/t)		 Au Content
(koz)		 Tonnes
(Mt)		 Au Grade
(g/t)		 Au Contained
(koz)
Nkran 8.5 2.14 586 8.5 2.14 586 - - -
Esaase 43.2 1.69 2,348 43.2 1.69 2,348 5.4 1.54 269
Akwasiso 2.8 1.82 165 2.8 1.82 165 0.4 2.16 29
Abore 4.7 1.46 221 4.7 1.46 221 0.9 1.69 48
Asuadai 1.3 1.32 55 1.3 1.32 55 0.0 1.24 2
Adubiaso 1.2 1.88 71 1.2 1.88 71 0.2 1.43 9
Stockpiles 2.3 0.76 57 2.3 0.76 57
Total 2.3 0.76 57 61.7 1.74 3,447 64.1 1.70 3,504 7.0 1.59 357

Notes:

  • Mineral Resources are reported at a cut-off grade of 0.5 g/t gold and assuming a gold price of US$1,500/oz.
  • Figures are rounded to the appropriate level of precision for the reporting of Mineral Resources.
  • Due to rounding, some columns or rows may not compute as shown.
  • he Mineral Resource is stated as in situ dry metric tonnes.
  • The Mineral Resource is reported inclusive of Mineral Reserves. Mineral Resources that are not Mineral Reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. The estimate of Mineral Resources may be materially affected by environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, socio- political, marketing, or other relevant issues including but not limited to those noted under Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.
  • The Nkran, Esaase and Akwasiso MREs have been prepared by CSA Global who are independent of Asanko Gold. The Abore, Asuadai and Adubiaso MREs have been prepared by the JV technical team and reviewed and accepted by CSA Global.

Mineral Reserve Estimate as at 31 December 2019

Deposit Proven Probable Proven and Probable Total
Tonnes
(Mt)		 Au Grade
(g/t)		 Au Content
(koz)		 Tonnes
(Mt)		 Au Grade
(g/t)		 Au Content
(koz)		 Tonnes
(Mt)		 Au Grade
(g/t)		 Au Content
(koz)
Nkran 10.9 1.64 577 10.9 1.64 577
Esaase Main 29.1 1.33 1,245 29.1 1.33 1,245
Esaase South 4.5 1.44 210 4.5 1.44 210
Akwasiso 1.9 1.43 87 1.9 1.43 87
Abore 2.8 1.42 127 2.8 1.42 127
Adubiaso 0.8 1.51 38 0.8 1.51 38.0
Asuadai 1.0 1.12 37 1.0 1.12 37
Stockpiles 2.3 0.76 57 2.3 0.76 57
Total 2.3 0.76 57 51.1 1.41 2,320 53.4 1.38 2,377

Notes:

  • Mineral Reserves are reported assuming a gold price of US$1,300/oz.
  • Mineral Reserves are defined within pit designs guided by pit shells derived from Whittle Four-X™ software (Whittle).
    Mineral Reserves are reported based on the maximum of: (a) the calculated marginal cut-off grades for each of the pits ranging between (0.38 - 0.71) g/t gold, and (b) 0.50 g/t gold.
  • Figures are rounded to the appropriate level of precision for the reporting of Mineral Reserves. Due to rounding, some columns or rows may not compute as shown.
  • The Mineral Reserve is stated as in situ dry metric tonnes.
  • The mine plan underpinning the Mineral Reserves has been prepared by Snowden and reviewed and accepted by CSA Global. Both Snowden and CSA Global are independent of Asanko.
  • No Mineral Reserves have been estimated using Inferred Mineral Resources.
  • The estimate of Mineral Reserves may be materially affected by environmental, permitting, legal, title, taxation, socio-political, marketing, or other relevant issues including but not limited to those noted under Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.

Cautionary Note to United States Investors Concerning Estimates of Measured, Indicated and Inferred Resources:

The terms "mineral resource", "measured mineral resource", "indicated mineral resource", "inferred mineral resource" used herein are Canadian mining terms used in accordance with NI 43-101 under the guidelines set out in the Canadian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy and Petroleum (the "CIM") Standards on Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves, adopted by the CIM Council, as may be amended from time to time. These definitions differ from the definitions in the United States Securities & Exchange Commission ("SEC") Industry Guide 7. In the United States, a mineral reserve is defined as a part of a mineral deposit which could be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time the mineral reserve determination is made.

While the terms "mineral resource", "measured mineral resource," "indicated mineral resource", and "inferred mineral resource" are recognized and required by Canadian regulations, they are not defined terms under standards in the United States and normally are not permitted to be used in reports and registration statements filed with the SEC. As such, information contained herein concerning descriptions of mineralization and resources under Canadian standards may not be comparable to similar information made public by U.S. companies in SEC filings.

Mineral resources which are not mineral reserves do not have demonstrated economic viability. With respect to "indicated mineral resource" and "inferred mineral resource", there is a great amount of uncertainty as to their existence and a great uncertainty as to their economic and legal feasibility. It cannot be assumed that all or any part of a "measured mineral resource", "indicated mineral resource" or "inferred mineral resource" will ever be upgraded to a higher category.

Accordingly, information herein containing descriptions of our mineral deposits may not be comparable to similar information made public by US companies subject to the reporting and disclosure requirements under US federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.

Technical Report

Ghana

Ghana is the oldest, democratic independent state in Africa, south of the Sahara. The country achieved independence in March 1957 and it has a stable and functioning constitutional democracy. The most recent parliamentary and Presidential elections took place in December 2020. The country has a free press.

The country is the 2nd largest producer of cocoa in the world and is also well endowed with natural resources, including bauxite, manganese ore, industrial diamonds, timber, solar salt and major offshore oil reserves.

Ghana is Africa's largest gold producer. It has a long history of large scale gold mining, with four prolific greenstone belts that have yielded +120Moz of gold in past production. There are a number of gold mining companies operating in the country, including AngloGold Ashanti, Newmont, Gold Fields and Golden Star. It is a respected mining jurisdiction. The mining tenure, royalty and tax laws are stable and well legislated. The country has a highly trained and skilled mining workforce at all levels of operation.

The climate is tropical with seasonal rains. It has a population of approximately 31 million and an educational level from primary to tertiary across country.

Ghana